• 0 thru 9
    1.5k
    With yet another tragic, horrifying, and pointless slaughter of people going about their daily lives (this time in New Zealand, next time a street near you), the mind ponders the possible causes. Causes both general and specific. This being a philosophy site, the general patterns are perhaps more relevant.

    Two well-known concepts deal with such pathologies. One with its origins in Western psychology, the Dark Triad theory. And one with ancient Eastern roots, the Three Poisons

    Dark Triad a nutshell, from Wikipedia:
    Reveal
    The dark triad in psychology refers to the personality traits of narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy,[1][2][3][4] which are called "dark" because of their malevolent qualities.[5][1][6][7]

    Research on the dark triad is used in applied psychology, especially within the fields of law enforcement, clinical psychology, and business management. People scoring high on these traits are more likely to commit crimes, cause social distress and create severe problems for an organization, especially if they are in leadership positions (for more information, see psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism in the workplace).

    All three dark triad traits are conceptually distinct although empirical evidence shows them to be overlapping. They are associated with a callous-manipulative interpersonal style.[8]

    Narcissism is characterized by grandiosity, pride, egotism, and a lack of empathy.[9]
    Machiavellianism is characterized by manipulation and exploitation of others, a cynical disregard for morality, and a focus on self-interest and deception.[10]
    Psychopathy is characterized by continuing antisocial behavior, impulsivity, selfishness, callousness, and remorselessness.

    —————
    Quick review of the Buddhist Three Poisons from Wikipedia:
    Reveal
    The three poisons (Sanskrit: triviṣa; Tibetan: dug gsum) or the three unwholesome roots (Sanskrit: akuśala-mūla; Pāli: akusala-mūla), in Buddhism, refer to the three root kleshas of Moha (delusion, confusion), Raga (greed, sensual attachment), and Dvesha (aversion, ill will).[1][2] These three poisons are considered to be three afflictions or character flaws innate in a being, the root of Taṇhā (craving), and thus in part the cause of Dukkha (suffering, pain, unsatisfactoriness) and rebirths.[1][3]

    The three poisons are symbolically drawn at the center of Buddhist Bhavachakra artwork, with rooster, snake and pig, representing greed, ill will and delusion respectively. In the Buddhist teachings, the three poisons (of ignorance, attachment, and aversion) are the primary causes that keep sentient beings trapped in samsara. These three poisons are said to be the root of all of the other kleshas.[5][6]

    The three poisons are represented in the hub of the wheel of life as a pig, a bird, and a snake (representing ignorance, attachment, and aversion, respectively).[4] As shown in the wheel of life (Sanskrit: bhavacakra), the three poisons lead to the creation of karma, which leads to rebirth in the six realms of samsara.

    ——————
    Could these theories and teachings help in preventing further pointlessly violent tragedies? Have either ideas helped you in your emotional and ethical lives? A comparison and contrast of the two theories might also be informative.
  • Anaxagoras
    433
    I did a thread on this (Dark Triad Theory).
  • wax
    301
    do either of these models explain why people would have these traits?

    it seems to address a problem like the shootings, one might have to address the cause; as to why the person did them.
  • Tzeentch
    3.3k
    Horrible acts may be carried out by normal people. Hate and powerlessness combine into a dangerous cocktail and will do more to compel a person to such acts than a mental illness will.
  • T Clark
    13k
    Could these theories and teachings help in preventing further pointlessly violent tragedies? Have either ideas helped you in your emotional and ethical lives? A comparison and contrast of the two theories might also be informative.0 thru 9

    The "Dark Triad" focuses on the pathology of a relatively small group of people. The "Three Poisons" focus on characteristics of all of us. For that reason, it seems to me the poisons provide a better basis for understanding.
  • 0 thru 9
    1.5k
    do either of these models explain why people would have these traits?

    it seems to address a problem like the shootings, one might have to address the cause; as to why the person did them.
    wax

    The Wikipedia link for Dark Triad above goes into some scientific research into the topic, including nature vs nurture and others. I tend to think of such things as analogous to a virus, mold, or bacteria. The spores (so to speak) are seemingly everywhere. One can perhaps strengthen their psychological or spiritual immune system to not give the destructive elements any fuel. I would wager that few people could have a constant input of unbalanced, stressful, violent stimuli and remain unaffected. At least I imagine it would be more difficult to maintain an equilibrium. How the individual interprets the situation and identifies themself appears to be a critical factor.
  • 0 thru 9
    1.5k
    Horrible acts may be carried out by normal people. Hate and powerlessness combine into a dangerous cocktail and will do more to compel a person to such acts than a mental illness will.Tzeentch

    I would tend to agree with that, in my observations as a non-professional. There seem to be many instances of people apparently free of mental illness doing acts of extreme violence and crime. Each person could be thought to have a type of nuclear power within them. Whether it provides energy or destruction is up to each individual, it would seem.
  • 0 thru 9
    1.5k
    The "Dark Triad" focuses on the pathology of a relatively small group of people. The "Three Poisons" focus on characteristics of all of us. For that reason, it seems to me the poisons provide a better basis for understanding.T Clark

    Good point, I would say. Perhaps the Dark Triad might represent the extreme danger zone of the Three Poisons. I tend to think of the Buddhist concept often in trying to gauge and evaluate my actions. Both things I've done, and those under consideration. The teaching provides a helpful metric concerning choices, imho.
  • T Clark
    13k
    I did a thread on this (Dark Triad Theory).Anaxagoras

    Please provide a link to the thread.
  • unenlightened
    8.7k
    The "Dark Triad" focuses on the pathology of a relatively small group of people. The "Three Poisons" focus on characteristics of all of us. For that reason, it seems to me the poisons provide a better basis for understanding.T Clark

    My thinking exactly. As usual, the ancients have an understanding of psychology, whereas the moderns attempt an overview that excludes themselves and makes psychopathology 'other'.

    Why am I unreasonable?
    Just because...

    But find a basis for understanding this, or maybe just go and do likewise: https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/mar/16/friendship-over-fear-manchester-man-shows-solidarity-with-local-mosque?CMP=fb_gu&fbclid=IwAR2NRVGNLnXKcAHAAF41IJMbd9zzh9zJPfdWeaBMhPOJDz7ndZX9AAN2F9Q
  • T Clark
    13k
    My thinking exactly. As usual, the ancients have an understanding of psychology, whereas the moderns attempt an overview that excludes themselves and makes psychopathology 'other'.

    Why am I unreasonable?
    Just because...
    unenlightened

    Here's one of my favorite songs. If I remember correctly, it was based on real events. Some people hate it because they say it's heartless and makes fun of tragedy. I disagree strongly. I find it moving. It gets at a very deep truth about all of us. Sorry, bad video.

  • 0 thru 9
    1.5k
    My thinking exactly. As usual, the ancients have an understanding of psychology, whereas the moderns attempt an overview that excludes themselves and makes psychopathology 'other'.unenlightened

    Ha! I didn't think of it that way, but that makes sense. A bit overly objective, perhaps. Let him without neurosis cast the first Prozac! :sweat:
  • 0 thru 9
    1.5k
    The not-so-humble narrator of the movie Amadeus, Salieri, is a character who seems like he could be a poster child for the Dark Triad. Scheming, vain, and violent (at least in his younger days as he recounts the tragic tale), he is willing to sacrifice all he believes in along with the life of Mozart. When he places his formerly revered crucifix into the fire, his mind clearly has descended into hell... one logical step after another, right into insanity. It is like he had studied Machiavelliani's original manuscripts, and prefigures the diabolical dealings of Faust in a way.

    But luckily for us, the viewer and fellow grasping sinner both, there is a last minute repentance. The sacrifice of his own ego and blood, and his fascinating confession, opens the way to a hard-won redemption. And, if we dare accept it, a redemption for all of us humble "mediocrities everywhere".
  • Anthony
    197
    I don't agree the Dark Triad describes a small group of people. It describes a lot of successful people in a sick society. Honestly, it has to be considered whether Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy aren't seen in many successful people. How else did they get in high places? By being kind? Right. If you don't think self-interest, manipulation of others, and having to set aside emotions to way too large of an extent isn't required for success in the transactional values of the market society, it would be naive; when the system is a reinforced zero-sums game, people are going to be crooked and unempathetic. Also, be careful of just world fallacy...the human system doesn't positively or negatively reinforce anything but behaviorism, which is at best our extrinsically motivated animal nature (i.e., no inner world, mind or consciousness). How interesting it would be if people were rewarded for being coherent inside and without internal conflict (which comes as much from environmental and social conditions as anything); and those who're ugly and poorly communicated inside would be put in the nick. What a different humans system that would be.

    As to what causes murder...a combination of nature and nurture, not one or the other. The nurture side of things, culture and mores, is worthy of more consideration than intellectual laziness showing itself in blaming the individual. After all, the evolutionary mismatch of humans indicates something gone terribly wrong; metabolic syndrome, extremely inordinate work stress, retarded immunity caused by safetyism of folks living in a bubble, gambling, addictions, and so on. People in developed countries are scared to death of communicable diseases, but for some unknown reason accept cancer and heart disease as normal even though these noncommunicable diseases are the outcome of too much work stress and having to live a mechanical lifestyle (environment). There's a spike in deaths after daylight savings time (mechanical) clock changes owing to disrespect of biological clock, why aren't we talking about this killer?

    If you take this one environmental killer, mechanicalized time, and ask why it kills...it is revealing. Being compelled to live in perpetual falsity might have something to do with why some people can't handle such constrained life. I.e., time is not mechanical, it is basically feedback between complex systems. Everything that transpires in human institutions does so according to a device which, in itself, obeys no external feedback (it tics away like a militant and merciless slaver), and is as such, violating homeostasis of an organism.

    To say that people require more freedom than the automated world allows would be a cogent statement. It is of interest the way some are aligned with the Spirit of Conquest which is seen in so many subsystems of society. Others, who require freedom rebel against being conquered. Also, I've learned that disorder doesn't derive from lack of order, it usually comes from too much order. It is of interest, actually, the masses of people have come to equate survival with a quality and quantity of order that clearly has little to do with survival.

    Not that a human doesn't need some extra mental stimulation vis a vis other animals, but to the extent where we are today (virtual reality headsets a norm for kids; funnily enough, in a way, a kid sitting there with his face on the wall is the same thing; pretty damn eerie)? Comfort and convenience and entertainment aren't in any way associated with mental health, clarity, and intrapersonal intelligence. Isn't it patent enough modern man is too overstimulated? And when overstimulated, one tends to neglect needed introspection and contemplation necessary for mental health and to know whether one is oriented and devoted on the side of truth. Evolution appears to be misunderstood a lot of the time. Evolution doesn't care about humans any more than any of the other creatures it spawned. Either humanism will learn to remove itself from the center of its own attention and take what lasts (ecological cycles don't obey man, so man has to learn to obey them) as an example of orientation and devotion, or it will commit collective suicide and succumb to evolution far sooner than necessary. It's suicide because we know what we're doing speeding up planetary cycles, yet don't care; it's like smoking five packs of cigs everyday and ignoring that it is going to kill you eventually.

    I feel that being compelled to mental time travel, constantly worrying about the future, has a lot to do with ignorance of an honest appraisal of what is in ourselves and our environment. The human system has done a great job of fooling so many people it will be able to take care of them interminably, and in turn has led people to give up everything to it as though it could stave off death. I.e., if you are on the side of the reality that adapts and evolves, you're already prepping for the the inevitable downfall, since even though it may be far off, it is an indisputable aspect of truth, and if it is an indisputable regard of truth, it is failure to ignore this. And in being prepared, you won't be contributing to said downfall, you will be a part of what adapts (so actually, it isn't even prepping, it's living according to the truth of the way things are). See, humans haven't even adapted as you've been led to believe. Homeostatic feedback is what adapts...no system with externalities is ever adapting. Your organism would instantly die if it were controlled by the same system that controls socio-economic fundamentalisms of man. It's the same for ego ridden people: the stronger the ego, the more narrow-minded and neurotic they are, and the more a part of themselves is left external to the ego to return as a disguised repressed derivative. Mental health dies. The repressed derivative of the planet's mind may come volcanically and in innumerous, devastating natural disasters... Though to put it like this isn't entirely correct. The planet doesn't repress, it is never ignorant of itself, it has no externalities, it has no ego. Actually, since ego is made of instinct, it is instinct with the reins, and it is instinct which enforces planetary feedback in the form of violent derivatives in the individual who has repressed.
  • 0 thru 9
    1.5k
    I don't agree the Dark Triad describes a small group of people. It describes a lot of successful people in a sick society. Honestly, it has to be considered whether Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy aren't seen in many successful people. How else did they get in high places? By being kind? Right. If you don't think self-interest, manipulation of others, and having to set aside emotions to way too large of an extent isn't required for success in the transactional values of the market society, it would be naive; when the system is a reinforced zero-sums game, people are going to be crooked and unempathetic. Also, be careful of just world fallacy...the human system doesn't positively or negatively reinforce anything but behaviorism, which is at best our extrinsically motivated animal nature (i.e., no inner world, mind or consciousness). How interesting it would be if people were rewarded for being coherent inside and without internal conflict (which comes as much from environmental and social conditions as anything); and those who're ugly and poorly communicated inside would be put in the nick. What a different humans system that would be.Anthony

    Thanks for your post. Perhaps I would not necessarily paint with such a broad brush, for that might risk over-generalization about anyone who is successful. But that quibble aside, I would tend to agree. Skepticism about our cultural modus operandi is a useful tool. One could ask whether our civilization as a whole exhibits the Dark Triad and imbibes the Three Poisons on a daily basis. It goes beyond competition. The goal of our culture seems to be utter and complete domination of all of nature as well as each other. And we are so immune to it that calling attention to it seems pointless. If humans act against the laws of nature, those laws will come down hard on us. And by laws of nature, I mean that no single species can claim the entire earth without damaging it beyond repair. But we as a whole are attempting just that. Our civilization remembers Aesop’s story of the Golden Goose, but can’t imagine that it applies to us on a large scale. No wonder individuals exhibit the Dark Triad. It is our hidden religion, and the god of that dark cult is unlimited Power. Even though unlimited power (as is usually imagined) is unobtainable. It is a hunger that cannot be satisfied.

    If you take this one environmental killer, mechanicalized time, and ask why it kills...it is revealing. Being compelled to live in perpetual falsity might have something to do with why some people can't handle such constrained life. I.e., time is not mechanical, it is basically feedback between complex systems. Everything that transpires in human institutions does so according to a device which, in itself, obeys no external feedback (it tics away like a militant and merciless slaver), and is as such, violating homeostasis of an organism.Anthony

    Interesting concept about mechanized time. Might be worthy of a thread to explore it. Given the seeming human tendency to view machines as the ultimate ideal (power being our culture’s true god, as mentioned above), time was bound to be quantified and mechanized. Humans are very flexible with regards to lifestyle. So flexible in fact that one may imagine that humans can live absolutely any manner they choose without consequences. But a branch bent too far will snap.

    To say that people require more freedom than the automated world allows would be a cogent statement. It is of interest the way some are aligned with the Spirit of Conquest which is seen in so many subsystems of society. Others, who require freedom rebel against being conquered. Also, I've learned that disorder doesn't derive from lack of order, it usually comes from too much order. It is of interest, actually, the masses of people have come to equate survival with a quality and quantity of order that clearly has little to do with survival.Anthony

    Yes. The most disturbing disorder (to humans) is not found in the wilderness, as harsh and unforgiving as it can seem. It is found of course in unbalanced societies. And this goes even beyond the equitable distribution of wealth, as important as that may be. Until our relationship with the Earth itself is (for lack of a better word) balanced, then our culture and all its laws and interpersonal relationships will continue to be thus imbalanced. And the news will be shocking and tragic, yet somehow not unexpected or surprising.

    Alright, if that (IMHO) is the diagnosis of the disease, what is the prescription in hope of a cure? Well Buddha being Buddha, he would not merely list the poisons of greed, hatred, and ignorance without telling us the antidote. To perhaps oversimplify... Greed is dissolved by generosity. Hatred by compassion. And ignorance disappears in the face of wisdom. But one must keep in mind the factors of time and scale. In other words, a serious disease takes time to heal even with the correct medicine and procedure. Without persistence, the antidotes will not be as effective as possible.
bold
italic
underline
strike
code
quote
ulist
image
url
mention
reveal
youtube
tweet
Add a Comment

Welcome to The Philosophy Forum!

Get involved in philosophical discussions about knowledge, truth, language, consciousness, science, politics, religion, logic and mathematics, art, history, and lots more. No ads, no clutter, and very little agreement — just fascinating conversations.